1984 and Today’s Society Essay -- English Literature

1984 and Today’s Society In spite of the fact that 1984 was composed well before the year 1984 and it is currently 2005, there are numerous likenesses between the book and today’s society. Connections of all sort have less worth, the administration observes one’s each move (or if nothing else has the ability to), and huge gatherings of individuals are affected to accept conclusions at school due to the government. The administration has guidelines and records on everything what's more, everyone. George Orwell might not have been extremely distant from anticipating reality when composing 1984 of every 1948. In the United States today, anyplace from something as innocuous as network shows to the administration itself advances less holiness of a adoring family much like 1984. In the book, youngsters went to class and were prepared to be spies and transform grown-ups into the idea police. Parsons (Winston’s companion and neighbor) was turned in by his own kids. He had carried out a â€Å"thought crimeâ€Å". This shows what little regard the youngsters in the book had for their folks, and the bewildering impact was the guardians getting use to and tolerating it. Parsons had disclosed to Winston that he’s in reality sort of glad for his youngster. â€Å"Big Brother† disheartened feelings and anything with importance in families. Youngsters are raised today with family units dependent on money related backing, undertakings, and anything other than genuine love. Youngsters are instructed that separate is alright, and the estimation of relationships has extraordinarily diminished. â€Å"Till demise do us part† may now truly mean â€Å"Till passing do us part or on the off chance that you can’t turn out to be any issues and do things my way†. In 1984, Winston â€Å"separated† with his significant other Katherine. By law he was unable to get hitched again except if Katherine passed on however this was carefully to dishearten love and sexual relationshi... ...the schools negate data the youngsters is given from the guardians. The hypothesis of development for instance, has been educated as a hypothesis and not creation. Guardians may not invest a lot of energy showing their youngsters about creation and the kid has just the school’s data to turn to. Sex training being another astounding model, understudies in high school are educated to have â€Å"safe sex† rather than no sex by any stretch of the imagination. This may likewise negate guardians and their lessons. With connections made light of, the administration approaching one’s private life and their youngsters, George Orwell was right about the fate of society and people the same. Despite the fact that the book was somewhat serious when it went to the results, Orwell depicted a universe of the government conditioning the individuals. Quite a bit of society doesn't understand what is happening or think it is a negative impact.

Enron Corporation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Enron Corporation - Assignment Example Its CEO Ken Lay was one of President George W. Bush’s close companions. Both Ken Lay and CFO Jeff Skilling and later Andrew Fastow were viewed as pioneers to copy. Savvy, smooth and driven, they were viewed as the encapsulation of corporate achievement. In any case, a progression of occasions immediately reversed the situation on the fortunes of this billion dollar organization and its administration. Truth be told, even its reviewers Arthur Andersen were viewed as blamable and evacuated as uncouth, however the aftermath of the whole fiasco made them close down their organizations all over the world. Looking back and because of examinations, it was resolved that there were various purposes for the shameful fall and end of this once extraordinary endeavor. Despite the conspicuous reasons why the CEO, CFO and some different heads of business offices worked as one to give an exceptionally bogus and misdirecting picture to corporate America and the general population everywhere, i t appears that they without a doubt thought they were the most brilliant folks in the room and could keep on tricking the majority with bogus ideas of progress. Was It a Question of Structure? The baffling reality is that for what reason did it take such a long time for the realities to disentangle and reality to uncover itself. With a partnership the size of Enron, and its business advantages spread everywhere throughout the world, it appears to be astounding that the genuine situation was kept out of the eyes of representatives, what to state of the overall population. Did the detailing structure have something to do with it? Reviewers going through the records of the bombed enterprise have seen that the size of the bookkeeping misrepresentation was broad and resounded all through the majority of the partnership. This included bogus and innovative detailing, misclassification of benefits and liabilities and other such controls. Truth be told directly from 1997 till its end, Enron top administrators were worried about over-revealing benefits and incomes and downplaying liabilities and costs to introduce an inaccurate image of accomplishment to the world (Maclean and Elkind, 2003). So the entire building was disintegrating and it was an instance of widespread and tricky defilement and distorting at practically all levels. The network detailing structure, where one reports to an immediate chief just as a provincial head somewhere else is recommended as a decent double announcing instrument to forestall inconsistencies. Was it a Question of Exceeding One’s Scope of Authority? Another explanation that has been brought up as the reason for the end of Enron was that officials would in general surpass their cutoff points or limits of power. Truth be told, Ken Lay has guaranteed that he some of the time didn't know precisely what Skilling and Fastow were doing as far as coking up the books and introducing a bogus picture to financial specialists and the overal l population. However, the reality remains that position and duty can't be isolated. Ken Lay as CEO must be held criminally at risk for the doings of his CFOs as it was he who guided them to get the outcomes that were appeared on the books. Along these lines, even this contention doesn't hold weight. Administrators are answerable for their own activities and mandates, regardless of what the levels of leadership. Was it a Question of Corporate Culture? Another reason or reason pointed for the breakdown of Enron was that it was because of the corporate culture of progress that the administrators had made throughout the years. Enron had earned a name for itself under Lay, and he needed to remain

Purchase Custom Case Study a at an Affordable Cost on Our Website!

Purchase Custom Case Study a at an Affordable Cost on Our Website! Custom Case Study Get a Custom Case Study from the Trustworthy Writing Service! If you are searching for the place to buy a custom case study, consider cooperation with our first-class service. We have gathered a team of skilled and experienced professionals, who have a vast experience in creating amazing case studies, research papers, lab reports, article reviews, and many other academic assignments. No matter how difficult is your task, we will find a competent specialist to help you fulfill your academic goals. For instance, if you need a business case study, just place your order and we will assign the writer with excellent business competence. Writing a case study is a rather tricky process that requires paying attention to many details. A common case study definition says that it is an academic paper that aims to discuss a particular case from different perspectives applying scientific concepts and theories. When working on this paper, you need to be very attentive since even a single mistake can lead to failure. Taking into consideration the key reasons why the students may need professional assistance, we have noticed the common tendencies: The student may lack the relevant experience and proper knowledge in completing case study papers. It is unlikely that you will cope with such an important paper if you lack excellent writing and research skills. Of course, you may find some case study template and learn how this paper should be structured. However, do not forget that your good academic performance is the investment in your future, thus, none of your assignment should be ignored. So, go ahead and place your order right now! The student may need academic assistance due to the strong desire to boost academic performance. If you realize the importance of completing every academic task on the high level but you lack the time or skills to cope with your tight schedule, feel free to delegate some of your tasks on our shoulders and we disappoint you! After all, getting a brilliant case study research paper written by one of our professional writing specialists, you will foster your writing, research, and analytical skills. Your case study paper will not only bring you the excellent grade but will also become your source of inspiration! The student may be engaged in other activities. Being a student, you have a lot of tasks to do apart from the study. We recommend you to arrange your priorities and understand whether you can want on your case study analysis paper. If not, do not hesitate to contact us for assistance and we will provide you with the excellent quality and premium support at a very affordable price.

African American Health Care Analysis - 2201 Words

African American Health Care Analysis Cheryl Robinson Capella University CST5500 Multi-Cultural Issues in Health Care Crobinson82@capellauniversity.edu Dr. C Vaugh Abstract It is a clichà © of health education that programs and interventions will be more effective when they are culturally appropriate for the populations they serve. In practice, however, the strategies used to achieve cultural appropriateness vary widely. This paper briefly describes African American history and how it relates to health care services. It explains the culture, value and belief of African American when it involves health promotion and disease prevention. Some major health concerns and barriers are noted within the black communities and population†¦show more content†¦African-Americans value health education and health maintenance which suggests that they are interested in their health, and may be receptive to prevention and health promotion interventions. Prayer, spirituality and church are important to African-Americans and play a key role in the lives of many of their lives. African Americans have traditional health and illness beliefs. They also are known to use folk medicine; the folk healers are root workers. Some African Americans, particularly of Haitian background, may believe in sympathetic magic. Sympathetic magic assumes everything is interconnected and includes the practice of imitative and contagious magic. Contagious magic entails the belief that once an entity is physically connected to another, it can never be separated. This type of belief is seen in the practice of voodoo, when an individual will take a piece of the victim’s hair or fingernail and place a hex, which they believe will cause the person to become ill (Campinha-Bacote, 2009). Black American churches have been the most important social institution in the black community and serves as a center for health screening, promotion and counseling. Many blacks hold their church with high esteem, therefore being an important coping resource for the African Americana community. To African Americans God is thought to be the spiritual healer.Show MoreRelatedMinority Health Disparities : Type II Diabetes1742 Words   |  7 Pages Minority Health Disparities: Type II Diabetes in African Americans Shelby Peterson HLTH 236 – 501 Jeff Guidry Texas AM University April 14, 2015 Executive Summary Type II Diabetes in African Americans is a major health disparity that is growing every day and needs to be understood more. According to the American Diabetes Association, African Americans are 1.7 times more likely to have diabetes than non-Hispanic whites (American Diabetes Association). Why is that? Scientist have been extensivelyRead MoreThe Two Articles I Have Chosen For This Assignment Both1605 Words   |  7 Pagesmainly persuade the African American community to acknowledge and properly treat those with mental illness. The article reads, Healthy and open discussions about mental health are still very much needed in the Black community. Members of the community must adopt the boldness and emotional balance to explain mental illness in order to expedite treatment and provide proper diagnoses for African Americans (King). King is arguing that enough is not being done to help those with mental health problems. AudienceRead MoreThe Correlation Between Sedentary Life Style And Eating Habits And Development Of Type II Diabetes1363 Words   |  6 PagesThe correlation between sedentary life style and eating habits and development of Type II Diabetes in African American young adults under 30 years old.† A Non-Thesis Project Presented to The Faculty of the College of Graduate Studies Lamar University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Health Promotion Brittny Bratcher 12/1/2013 Introduction According to the Centers for Disease Control, diabetes is a metabolic disease that elevates the bloodRead MoreImplementing A Doctor Of Nursing Practice ( Dnp ) Project Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pageschances of obtaining buy-in are more favorable. Assessing the Environment A hypertension education program designed for African Americans is needed to help improve the prevalence rate of hypertension. The DNP student will conduct the program in a local primary care facility. The increased prevalence of hypertension is contributed to both context and content issues. African Americans with hypertension fail to comply with treatment regimen due to lack of knowledge on the disease, absence of symptomsRead MoreA Cultural Competency Toolkit : Ten Grant Sites Share Lessons Learned ( 2001 ) Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pages Overall, the CLAS policy appears to be designed to address the needs of providing cultural competence to members of traditionally under-represented groups (e.g. African Americans, Hispanic Americans, homeless, etc.). The only recommendations that I would make would be that the policy provide clear guidelines on how to account for those who are of immigrant status for whom data may not be collected when assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of the standards. Also, thereRead MoreEssay On Black Womens Health708 Words   |  3 PagesThe health of a nation plays an integral part in the overall success and economic well being of a particular country. The United Stated, while pouring more money into the healthcare system than any other country, still stands as a broken system with inadequate care for many citizens. One of the most marginalized groups of people, African American women, continually score alarmingly low on basic measures of overall health. The healthca re discrepancies between white and black women in the UnitedRead MoreA Study On Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus778 Words   |  4 PagesType-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in African American Adults The high-risk populations are individuals with increased propensity to greater risk of poor mental, physical, emotional, and social health (Olokoba, Obateru, Olokoba, (2012). The high-risk individuals are susceptible a decreased functional status, and diminished quality of life. In many populations, the causes of the high-risk vulnerabilities are due poor utilization of health care services, poor disease management, and to aRead MoreRationale And Analysis For The Course Pad 5301726 Words   |  7 PagesRationale and Analysis for DHHS This paper is one of five assignments for the course PAD 530. As a consultant, research on the selected agency the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) shall reveal in a report specific recommendations for improvements. An overview of the selected agency will be given to provide information on the agency’s objectives and goals. Information will be provided on the background of the agency and a descriptive analysis on several functions that highlight theRead MoreWhat is Epidemiology?1686 Words   |  7 PagesPeople have many health concerns and diagnosis that presents to the current public health as to overcome with fear . The first step in any medical situation regarding a person’s health is to make sure that you talked among the professionals in the health community. This will be the bests way to help the cycle amongs others, that will further prevent other diseases from occurring. Using epidemiology and the epidemiology triangle diabetes in African Ameri cans will be observed. This health concern in manyRead MoreCase Study Of A Business Case For A Disease Prevention Unit For High-Risk Groups1117 Words   |  5 Pagescommunity of African Americans and Latinos. We propose adding a new unit that will focus on preventive care disease testing that targets high-risk patients. Risk and Mitigation Analysis Opportunities: By identifying opportunities for improved health through preventative disease testing, can transform lifestyles of individuals and our healthcare organization. Promoting health is an efficient way to improve and protect the health of our communities that will lead to improved population health outcomes

The During The 19th Century - 902 Words

The events in the 19th century had changed the lives of women and blacks completely. It was an age where the impact of the industrial revolution caused a sharp differentiation between the gender roles, especially of the upper and middle classes. In 19th century, appeared the events such as African American Civil Rights Movement, Civil War, and The Women’s Rights Movement had put women and blacks’ role to a new level. During the Civil War, women stepped out of their domestic domains to support the soldiers. In the meantime, African slaves had been set free or run to serve in the military among whites. Later in 19th century, the 14th and 15th amendment were ratified to protect slaves, and the women’s suffrage movement began to gather momentum, gaining more equality. Therefore, I agree that the 19th century helped the U.S finally achieve the ideals laid out in the Constitution, which is all men created equal, blacks and women included. In the mid-late 19th century, a woman was not permitted to vote or hold official offices because they were considered as weak, timid, domestic, illogical, dependent, and hysteria (lectures). During the Civil War (1861-1865), women across the South became nurses, spies, soldiers to support their families and the Confederacy. Mostly, they were engaged in supplying the troops with food, clothing, medical supplies, and even money through fundraising. Moreover, thousands of black enslaved women escaped and began the transition of freedom, beginningShow MoreRelatedSlavery During The 19th Century1636 Words   |  7 PagesEssay # 2 In the early years of the 19th century, slavery was more than ever turning into a sectional concern, such that the nation had essentially become divided along regional lines. Based on economic or moral reasoning, people of the Northern states were increasingly in support of opposition to slavery, all the while Southerners became united to defend the institution of slavery. Brought on by profound changes including regional differences in the pattern of slavery in the upper and lower SouthRead MoreBritain During The 19th Century809 Words   |  4 PagesOver the course of Britain’s centuries of history, events such as the industrialization of the Britain in the 19th century and many others proved to be pivotal events placing Britain as a pre-modern superpower. As described in the encyclopedia The History of World Trade Since 1450, â€Å"Britain’s mid-nineteenth century economy is often referred to as ‘the workshop of the world’ † (Harley 396). Caused b y the newly invented technological advancements, Britain began to export two-thirds of the world’s inventoryRead MoreWomen During The 19th Century1350 Words   |  6 Pagesthe beginning of the 19th century, the gap between males and females was much larger than it is now. Back then men and women were usually assumed to have certain occupations. For example, in the 1950s women were â€Å"supposed† to become housewives and stay at home all day cleaning, cooking, or taking care of their children (Parry 1584). Men on the other hand, were suspected to go out and work all day doing whatever occupation they held. Due to the media uprising in the 19th century, women began to feelRead MoreRacism During The 19th Century1461 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the 19th century, racism was an established and widely accepted ideology throughout the Antebellum South. Both Frederick Law Olmsted and John C. Calhoun portray typical racist ideology during the 19th century in Antebellum South. In his travelogue of the South, â€Å"A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States; With Remarks on Their Economy†, Olmsted advocated for the free soil movement. On the other hand, Calhoun advocated for slavery in his 1837 speech, â€Å"The ‘Positive Good’ of Slavery† before theRead MoreIndustrialization During The 19th Century Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pages During the 19th century in England and other areas of Europe and era of industrialization occurred, which led to the construction of numerous factories equipped with new machines. Significant strides in both communication and transportation occurred during this time period. These factories altered the way that products were manufactured. They took assembly out of people’s homes and into a mass production setting. Although products became cheaper and improved the standard of living for someRead MoreWomen During The 19th Century1596 Words   |  7 Pageswidening horizon. Every struggle is a vic tory. Keller’s ideas embody the change that occurs in women’s roles in American literature. The first writings of 16th century America contained little reference to women at all. In the early 19th century, women play somewhat larger roles but remain only in supporting roles until later in the century when a shift takes place and women now hold leading roles as the heroines of stories. Not only does the character’s role change, but also beginning in the 1800sRead MoreArchitecture During The 19th Century2133 Words   |  9 PagesIn the 19th century, architecture had great influenced by earlier architecture movements and styles which were adapted to the new technology of the early modern age. The revivals of Greek, Gothic and Renaissance design were fused with engineering methods and materials.1 The development of technology is closely associated with the production and use of materials and steel consumption and was considered as the economic development of many c ountries, in Europe and America. Steel, iron and aluminiumRead MoreSlavery During The 19th Century851 Words   |  4 Pages During the 19th century, the cause for abolition was ubiquitous to William Lloyd Garrison. In a society built on the freedoms for the average man, Garrison was justifiably astonished, often angered, by the misrepresentation and condoned treatment of African Americans. Garrison was not alone in his astonishment, there were a myriad of abolitionists, commonly found in the northern states, which protested and discussed how to achieve abolition. Despite the evident similarity of interests, GarrisonRead MoreIndustrialization During The 19th Century1751 Words   |  8 PagesIndustrialization in the US During the 19th Century (Adjusted) There are many causes and effects of America’s Industrialization, some of the main reasons include: migration to cities, improved transportation, and laissez-faire philosophy, while the primary effects generated by these causes include; consumerism, expansion of the market, and changed working conditions. First, one of the major causes of America’s mechanization is social, and it’s the mass migration of people into the cities. AroundRead MoreStruggles During The 19th Century914 Words   |  4 PagesStruggles during the 19th century between social classes over differences in private enterprise and property ownership, became a driving force for changes and reform in Modern Industrial society. Historically, conflict outcomes generally favored the Bourgeoisie, or middle class, over the Proletariats, the working class, during this time in Western Civilization. However, an advancing group of socialists, began referring to themselves as communists, and â€Å"advocated the abolition of private property

Descriptive Essay - Original Writing - 987 Words

awn approached. Young Queen Audra referred to this time as the quiet hours, the time of day when all fell silent and most people remained locked away in restorative sleep and pleasant dreams. Yet Audra did not sleep. Barefoot and wearing her light nightdress, she stood before her bedchamber window in the darkness, peering out at the thin crescent of the bright winter moon, which reflected off the surface of the sea far below. â€Å"No one can ever know,† she said while gazing up at the moon. â€Å"Never. Please†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Absently, she ran her fingers over her tender lips, the raw skin a reminder of what she had done. Audra and her personal guard, Sir Maxen, had just made love for the first time. Afterward, he’d slipped out the anteroom door, hopefully unseen. They hadn’t wanted to part, but it was too risky to allow him to remain. If anyone saw†¦she shuddered at the notion. As wrong as it was, Audra loved Maxen and had for months. She loved him fiercely, passionately, more than she loved her own husband, King Carlton. She hadn’t meant for this to happen, to fall in love with her husband’s most trusted knight and best friend. The king was a fair man and a decent husband, aside from his inability to give up his mistress. If he had, perhaps Audra’s marriage to him would have blossomed into love. Perhaps she wouldn’t have looked elsewhere to have the aching hole in her heart filled. Everything about Sir Maxen spoke of strength and power, from his impressive height to his muscular warrior’sShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1110 Words   |  5 PagesI don’t know how I got to where I am, but I’m here now, and I have to win if I want to live. I am in a game, and in order to live, I have to escape. That’s the thing, though: I don’t know how to escape. I was running for my life around this old house that looked like it came straight out of a horror movie. I doubled over and held my head in pain as I saw the static, which meant it was coming. I was being chased by what looked like a person but in no way acted like one. Just as it was about to appearRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1102 Words   |  5 PagesIt is on days like this when we stop to think about our life. Small drops of rain begin to dapple the cobblestone pavement as people whip out their umbrellas for cover. I continue sauntering down the busy street, relishing the feeling of a light shower. Moving with the mass of pedestrians, I stop at a crosswalk where I wait for the stoplight to turn green. A flower shop employee across the street scurries to bring in the numerous bouquets and close the doors as rain starts rolling down the displayRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing914 Words   |  4 PagesDreamy I thought. Standing on the corner is a young guy with a smile. I see him here almost every day, so I linger for a while. He tells me his name, and I tell him mine. I m Ester, what s your name? I enquired. My names David .,He replied. We end up talking for a while and I asked him if he had ever left this city. He tells me of all these stories of the places where he s been, the distant lakes and mountains, and in valleys oh so green. I can see it in his eyes, he really has beenRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing974 Words   |  4 Pages I was used to moving round, having a mother who liked to travel more than making roots was something I had gotten used to. Still, I had never gotten used to the loneliness of an empty house when she was out exploring, or the feeling of leaving behind someone who could have meant something to me. Our most recent move was Oregon. It was pretty, and I didn’t mind it, but it was much different than Florida. Not only was it opposite sides of the country, it felt as if it were opposite worlds. InRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1012 Words   |  5 Pageshave plenty of time in the next month to think about my feeling in regards to Kendrick. I needed to finish up the article and get it off to my editor. I should be able to get it done by tonight and send an email in the morning. I was thinking of writing my next article about the sea life around the Scottish coast. Since our salmon dinner last evening I thought I would do a piece about the commercial salmon farming that began in Scotland in 1969. In 2002 over 145,000 metric tons of farmed AtlanticRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1561 Words   |  7 PagesThere’s something I need to say and what follows may not be something that you’d expect, it won’t be heartening or uplifting. If you remember today, I told you about going somewhere I wanted to go to†¦ I’m not sure if you believed and accepted what I now confess as untrue; it is partly. I needed to pull away emo tionally†¦ from you. You must have had fathomed that some degree of formality had seeped between us. Born of habit, formulaic greetings had become a routine. You presume that I’m a close friendRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1387 Words   |  6 PagesI was wearing a beautiful blue dress with sapphire gems all around the chest area as I entered the ball with Ciel and Sebastian. I took a good look around here, the hallway was lined with gold. There was a servant ready to escort us to the ball room. Hello, come this way. He said, walking forward. Wow, this place is so fancy! I exclaimed, looking around. It s fake gold. Ciel bluntly replied, bringing my hopes down. I sighed. Ciel sounded like he wasn t in a very good mood. Ciel, lightenRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1287 Words   |  6 Pages In the morning, Caireann woke me up. She stood above my bed, shaking my shoulder. I opened my eyes, looking at her. Then I looked across the room to her empty bed. Andy s empty bed sat in the corner. I swallowed, climbing out of bed. Sleep well? Caireann asked me, starting out the door. Yeah, I said, going over to our small dresser. I had the bottom two drawers. Andy had the middle two, and Caireann had the top. I pulled open the drawers, pulling on a colorful tank top and a grayRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1345 Words   |  6 PagesLater that night, I was behind the wheel of my G-Wagon with Melissa in the passenger seat. She didn’t feel like driving since she was on the road all day and I understood so I didn’t mind when she asked me to. I had been tight-lipped. She kept eyeballing me as if she detected that something was bothering me but I just kept singing to my India Arie as if I was carefree. â€Å"So are you going to tell me what’s going on or no† Melissa said disrupting my own personal concert. I stopped singing and tookRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing1085 Words   |  5 PagesI WAS SITTING IN a taxi, wondering if I had overdressed for the evening, when I looked out the window and saw Mom rooting through a Dumpster. It was just after dark. A blustery March wind whipped the steam coming out of the manholes, and people hurried along the sidewalks with their collars turned up. I was stuck in traffic two blocks from the party where I was heading. Mom stood fifteen feet away. She had tied rags around her shoulders to keep out the spring chill and was picking through the trash

Process for Crafting Discussion Question Responses

Question: Having you write about the information you have encountered through the magnitude of required reading in the doctoral program is a method that allows professors to effectively evaluate your ability to absorb and synthesize content. As you move forward on your doctoral journey, what process will you use to be successful in crafting your written discussion question responses and essays prior to submitting them for grading? What steps will you take to improve your writing skills at the doctoral level? Answer: Process for Crafting Discussion Question Responses Understanding the scope of document: The length of the written document will be understood and also the complexity of the document will be analysed so that best written discussion can be provided. Brief Introduction: An introduction has to be mentioned clearly describing the purpose of the paper. The introduction will provide an outline to the readers about what has been discussed in the paper. Therefore, the person will have to clear check the introduction before submitting for grades (Guffey Loewy, 2015). Finding main points: The main points will be highlighted so that the reader can get complete detail about it. The thesis mentioned has to be clear so that the acceptance level of the document can be increased. Identify readers: The readers will have to be kept in mind while designing the document so that it is well accepted by the readers. Therefore, it can increase the chances of getting good grades. Checking language: The language used in the paper has to be rechecked in order to find any language that may be difficult for the readers to understand. Evaluate evidence: The right fact and evidence has to be provided that relates with the thesis so that effective documents can be submitted (Enos, 2009). Improving Writing skills Understanding the requirements: The skills and material that will be required has to be studied first (Pennington, 2009). Collecting information: In next step, the required data has to be acquired that relate with proposed paper. Seeking expert advice: The person can communicate with expert to understand particular topic. Searching previous papers: The person can get idea from previous paper and its way of writing. References Pennington, M. (2009) Essential Study Skills Guffey, M. E. Loewy, D. (2015) Essentials of Business Communications Enos, M.F. (2009) Assessing writing and Editing skills

Marginalization of Rural Migrant Workers in China

Background Information The issue of rural migrant worker is one of the most crucial concerns in the contemporary Chinese setting. Essentially, a rural migrant worker is an individual who is originally registered in the rural area, but has migrated to an urban area to work. The number of the rural migrant workers has attained alarming levels.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Marginalization of Rural Migrant Workers in China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In particular, the number of the rural migrant workers has been seen to rise as shown in this table. Year Estimated Population of the Rural Migrant Workers 1989 30 Million 1993 60 Million 2006 120 Million 2010 158.63 Million 2012 163 Million Estimation to 2025 Additional 243 Million Table 1: The data on rural migrants’ population (Bosker 47) According to the above statistics, it is evident that the population of rural migrant workers is increasing rapidly. Between 1989 and 1993, the population doubled from 30 million to 60 million. This implies that the population increased at a rate of 100% within a period of five years. Although, the rate of increase between 1993 and 2006 decreased, the total number of the migrants was substantial. Understandably, the rapid increase and the expected projection in 2025, raises a question of whether China has distributed its opportunities and wealth evenly. This question is necessitated by the fact that the migration prevails due to search for employment. As such, this paper will discuss the issue of rural migrant workers, associated problems, and the policies that can be stipulated to solve those challenges. Problem Identified The rural migrant workers face social, environmental, and financial problems in china due to the conservative system. Indeed, the challenges faced by this section of the population are completely unacceptable. First, the employment areas set aside for th e rural migrant workers are inspired by discrimination.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this case, the residents from urban areas are absorbed in the manufacturing industry and distribution functions (Huang 98). On the other hand, the rural migrant workers are employed in the construction areas as well as the service provision entities. This implies that most of the rural migrant workers get casual employment which is both risky and temporary in nature. In addition, it is evident that this section of the working population is allocated physically-demanding jobs. In fact, some of the industries are known for the high risk they pose to the employees in the process of working. These industries include the textile companies, mining sites and garment manufacturing among others. From a critical perspective, these types of jobs indicate that the rural migrant workers go for the jobs that the local urban residents avoid. This is also an indication that the employers and the authorities absorb the local residents more readily as compared to the rural migrants. In addition to working in risky and physically demanding areas, the working conditions for the rural immigrants are also pathetic. Due to the fact that most of the rural migrant workers in China are illiterate, the level of employment mobility is very low. The lack of mobility emerges because they can only compete for the jobs with fewer technicalities. Whereas the lack of technical skills prevails, the employees have little understanding of their basic human rights and employment legalities. As such, their employees take advantage of their illiteracy to exploit them physically and financially. For example, some of the employers and contractors withhold the employees’ wages in order to delay the payment. This is used as a deliberate technique to prevent them from leaving the job and fightin g for their rights. In some cases, employers release a part of the salary and then release the remaining part when the year ends (Richardson 56). Extreme cases require employees to contribute some capital before employment. This ensures they will not move from the company easily or choose other jobs freely. While the employers are keen to withhold the salaries, they still do not give them good salaries. They consider these migrants as providers of cheap labor. Despite the low salaries and payment delays, the companies do not pay social security fees to cater for hospital and other social expenses. In particular, a survey conducted in 2003 indicated that only 14 percent of the rural migrant workers had health insurance. In addition, it was discovered that only 10 percent had secured a pension plan for retirement.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Marginalization of Rural Migrant Workers in China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, about 79 percent of the local urban residents had a health insurance cover an 91 percent were enjoying the pension plan. As such, it cannot be disputed that the employers are inconsiderate and bully when it comes to treating the employees. Second, education qualification and emphasis among the rural migrant workers are very low and poor. Xinhua News Agency indicated that the migrants’ children drop out at a rate of 9.5 every year. Besides, the agency discovered that those who go to school consistently are beyond the average school age. A percentage of 6.9 of the children’s population have never been admitted to any school during their period of stay in the urban area. The data concerning access to education for different residents is as shown in this table. The academic challenge is highly inherent to the Hukou system. The system allows the local children, who are registered in the urban areas, to study in public schools for 9 yea rs (Whyte 83). On the other hand, the rural urban migrants are needed to pay a fee ranging from three thousands to thirty thousands in order to study in government school. Essentially, however, most of the private schools available in these cities are cheaper than the public ones. Nonetheless, these privately owned schools do not provide proficient and quality education to the students. In most cases, they do not have well-qualified teachers or enough resources to facilitate learning. As a result, it becomes a double blow for the rural migrant workers. in response to this problem, the central government stipulated a policy which ordered the local schools to stop charging additional fees. While this policy was stipulated and released by the government, the local governments have remained reluctant to implement it.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One of the best examples in regard to this situation is the Baoshan District which is found in Shanghai. In terms of policy, the authorities in this district purports that the children will be admitted in public schools freely. However, it complicates the policy to an extent that the parents are practically unable to take their children to school. In particular, the authorities require parent to meet four different conditions in order to get their children admitted. These conditions are outline in this list. The parents must submit a certificate of temporary residence. The parent must provide a certificate of employment as a proof of the working status. This certificate is usually provided by the destination’s bureau of labor. They must then present a certificate of studentship from the area of origin. The parents must produce a valid document of identification which granted by the police department of the original area of residence. Obtaining these certificates might requir e the worker to make a fees ranging between two hundred and three hundred Yuan. The rural migrant workers are required to have a permanent location in the destination. They might seek to reside in the district for a period amounting to one year or more. Lastly, the workers are needed to have worked in the district for a continuous period of half a year (Young 76). Evidently, it is clear that this process is costly, involving, and tedious to undergo and complete successfully. In a study conducted by Xinhua News Agency, it was discovered that only twenty to thirty percent can afford to undertake the process successfully. It is, therefore, a clear indication that the local government of Baoshan is not willing to allow easy access to public schools. It puts obstacles in order to discourage the parents and students from pursuing their education for free. This is one of the critical issues that should be solved through the stipulation of considerate and far-reaching policies in order to ensure that all migrants access education. Besides the education and employment problems, the Hukou system presents a different residential problem to the rural migrant workers. In this regard, the Hukou system registers people in accordance to their original residence. As a result, the rural migrant workers are registered under the rural residence. This implies that they are not recognized as residences of the urban areas where they move to seek employment. The residents, who are registered under the urban areas, are entitles to buy houses at reduced prices. On the contrary, the rural urban migrants are not provided with the opportunity to buy the houses at the subsidized prices. The authorities argue that the responsibility to provide housing for the rural migrants lie with their respective government. In addition to this, the available houses in urban parts of China are not many in comparison to the population. Consequently, those apartments and houses that are available are char ged highly. In average, most of them are about 1000 Yuan per month. This is a very high price for the rural urban migrants who earn very low. As a result, they opt to live in the dormitories provided by the companies and employers. This is pathetic housing situation due to various reasons. First, living in common rooms is very undesirable since most of the migrants live with their families. Second, the employers do not make efforts to provide good sanitation and enough space because they understand that the employees do not have any other options. In other words, the employers are aware of the employees’ inability to get good houses in the cities. As such, they do not bother to improve the condition of the houses. Lastly, the high prices prevent the workers to have permanent house ownership despite the fact that they earn. Consequently, the rural migrant workers live in the cities for years, but they end up without housing. In fact, some of the people who are considered as ru ral migrants were born in the cities. Nonetheless, they cannot be integrated in the system because their parents were from the rural areas. Due to that rural-migrant status of their parents, they are also classified as rural migrant workers. Evidently, this is a very oppressive and inconsiderate housing system which exhibit lack of flexibility and retrogressive approach. Lastly, the rural immigrant workers are discriminated and despised by the local residences in the city. Indeed, it cannot be disputed that the local residents do not respect the workers in any material way. This is based on the fact that the housing system has classified the rural immigrants as non-local. Despite the rural immigrant workers playing a fundamentally vital role in the development and the progress of the urban areas, the local residents consider themselves superior. The media display the rural immigrants negatively based on their low literacy levels and poor living conditions. As such, the media does no t portray the god work which has been supported and tackled by the rural immigrants especially when it comes to the construction and building industry. Importantly, the local consider the rural immigrants as the major employment competitors. The local residents therefore put efforts to humiliate and intimidate them in order to make the living conditions difficult. In light of this intimidation, the local media and residents link the rural immigrants to vices such as social instabilities and the crimes. The worst perception that the local residents have created towards the rural migrants is related to the ignorant status of the migrants. The locals create an impression that the illiteracy among the rural immigrants is the sole driver of their misfortune. This is a false implication that the rural immigrants incur challenges which they have created for themselves. With this perception, the locals view the rural migrants as intruders who bring instability, crime and competition. These unfair perspectives increase oral disrespect, despise and calculated avoidance. Essentially, it is evident that the government and the public have substantially disregarded the usefulness of the migrants. Their dignity has been churned in terms of the social and financial aspects. Causes of the Problems Identified There are various reasons that cause the academic, social, and financial problems identified in paragraph 2.0. First, the major cause of these problems is the inflexibility of the housing system. The housing system has been linked and connected to all aspects of the migrants’ lives. It has an impact in the employment, residence, and education. In particular, the housing system does not easily accommodate migration of people from one area to another. As a result, the migrants are not recognized in the urban setting. In the housing system, they are considered and registered in their respective places of origin. This implies that the destinations’ local governme nts do not recognize them. When planning for the provision of services, the urban governments only consider those people who have been registered under the urban residence. On the other hand, they disregard the migrants because such people are registered under their respective rural areas. Disregarding the immigrants has therefore evoked other related problems including academic marginalization and employment biasness. In this case, the immigrants cannot access the public schools and quality education because they are charged extra fees. Although the national government has prevented the schools from charging more fees, the local governments do not enforce the regulation effectively. In a similar scenario, the same housing system leads to the marginalization of the immigrants when it comes to employment. The locals get better jobs while the immigrants are left to go for the physically-demanding jobs which are lowly paid. As such, the inflexible housing system is actually the major c hallenge when it comes to the issues of marginalization, lack of god employment conditions and poor housing. In case the government is intending to restore dignity for the migrants, it has to address the issue of the Hukou Housing System.  The second major cause of the problems identified in the previous paragraph is the deficiency of human rights orientation. Evidently, the local governments tend to prioritize development-oriented policies and disregard the promotion of human rights. This implies that the governments do not promote equal access to education for all people living in the country regardless of where they belong. If the authorities were willing to make changes in the system to accommodate the rural migrants, the problems would have been solved conclusively. However, the lack of this human rights ideological support contributes highly to the existence of these problems. The other cause of these problems is the deficient unity among the people of China. It is evident t hat the urban locals view their colleague citizens as competitors and instigators of crime in the cities. This leads to a situation whereby the citizens come from one country but they lead two different forms of lives. In particular, the migrants live in pathetic poverty while the locals enjoy developmental privileges that have been highly promoted by the efforts of the migrants. The media has also instigated these problems by portraying the migrants as illiterate, instigators of social instability and propagators of criminal acts in the cities. The negative media perspective has provided the moral authority for the locals to disrespect and despise the migrants. Possible Solution and Policy Proposition Essentially, it was evident that there are policies which have been stipulated to ensure equity in education and the financial system. However, these policies have not been implemented effectively by the local government. As a result, stipulating policies is not enough to discourage t he disregard and mistreatments directed towards the migrants. This implies that the urban setting must first change their attitude and mentality when dealing with the rural migrants. They should not treat them as competitors when it comes to employment. Instead, they should view and treat them as colleague citizens. They should remember that, although the migrants come from the rural areas, they belong to the same country. In addition, this should be understood by the local governments. Besides the ideological change of mindset, the local and central governments should learn to work together in order to confront this challenge. In paragraph 2.0, it was indicated evidently that the central government stipulates policies that are not implemented by the local governments effectively. A good example of this scenario is the Baoshan district which was found to put obstacles in the process of education access. When this is done, the players should come up with a policy that ensures the equ ity of citizens. In particular, the central and local governments should tailor a policy that enables the transfer of money from one area to another. As a result, when a person migrates from a rural area to an urban area, his or her funds are transferred to the destination government. As such, the migrants can easily access public services. Works Cited Bosker, Maarten. Relaxing Hukou with Increased Labor Mobility and China’s Economic Geography. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research, 2010. Print. Huang, Xiaoming. The Institutional Dynamics of China’s Great Transformation. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon [England: Routledge, 2010. Print. Richardson, Sophie. Promises An Assessment of China’s National Human Rights Action Plan. New York, NY: Human Rights Watch, 2011. Print. Whyte, Martin King. One Country with Two Societies on Rural-urban Inequality in Contemporary China. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard UP, 2010. Print. Young, Jason. China’s Hukou System Markets, Migrants and Institutional Change. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. Print. This term paper on Marginalization of Rural Migrant Workers in China was written and submitted by user Barbara Abbott to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Why has the membership of the major political parties declined in recent years Essay Example

Why has the membership of the major political parties declined in recent years Essay Example Why has the membership of the major political parties declined in recent years Essay Why has the membership of the major political parties declined in recent years Essay Essay Topic: Recent The membership of the major political parties has declined alarmingly in recent decades. In the 1950s, Labour had a million members and the Conservatives over two million, but nowadays they have 360,000 and 335,000 respectively. Parties are keen to recruit as many members as possible as they can provide important campaigning and financial support. There must be some wider reason for this phenomenon, as it did not affect just one party. Political apathy may be one factor, as people lose interest in the political system in general. Another possible reason could be the dissatisfaction the electorate feel towards the political parties of today. The class and party de-alignment arguments could also be used to explain this contrast with yesteryear- that the changes in the class system have left people unsure about whom their natural representatives are. The huge increase in floating voters may have something to do with this decline as well. Evans (1997) suggests another possibility, rather than people not participating in politics, this generation has shifted from party politics to supporting pressure groups. A politically apathetic electorate would have no interest in politics; therefore they would not join political parties. This state of mind has increased dramatically, possibly as a result of the move by the major parties in their stances. Moves, initially, by the Labour Party but subsequently by the Conservatives have left very little distinction between the parties. As the Labour Party shifted towards the centre under Blairs early leadership period, so did the Conservatives as a reaction against the Thatcher stereotype. This might have left the electorate feeling discontented, as there would not be as much political debate from two sides that operate so close to each other in their policies. Political apathy can be measured in a number of ways: party membership, turnout, and public opinion polls, although these are not completely reliable, as people might not vote for certain reasons and not join parties for reasons other than political apathy. Without a change in the attraction of politics and parties, this should not change. There would need to be more opportunity to get involved in politics than under the current political system, possibly an increase in referenda and initiatives. This might make the electorate more interested in politics, and consequently political parties. Parties and their politicians have also been given a poor image by the media in recent years, which may have resulted in people not supporting the political parties by not joining them. Incidents like the Neil Hamilton saga and the introduction of negative campaigning show politics up to be a dirty business and one that many people dont want to be a part of. The political parties have become much more centralised now, with less power allowed to the members, and this has been reflected by the membership figures. The politicians in comparison with the constituency groups now hold much more power and some people may think there is nothing to be gained from joining the parties other than funding something that they are not a part of. Party conferences, formerly a means of allowing the member a real vote, are now seen as a media charade. The de-centralisation of the main parties would probably considerably increase their membership, as the members would be in a position to have their say and not have their party managed by an elite. Traditionally, Labour has attracted working class support whereas the Conservatives have got their vote from the middle and upper class. However, according to Crewe (1977), following the emergence of an evolved class system, with a smaller working class, the traditional class boundaries have been eliminated with people making rational choices about their vote. This is the same with whichever party they are going to join, if any. People are not necessarily going to support their class representatives anymore. As these people become more sceptical and objective about the state of the different parties, so have the parties changed their policies to suit most people as opposed to their traditional voters. This has led to a loss of core support, and an increase in the floating vote. There is nothing to suggest that this trend of rational choice voting is going to change. On the contrary, if de-industrialisation continues, the movement towards rational choice voting would gather pace and membership figures would decrease further. For an election victory, the floating vote is very important but these voters will not join a party and will therefore not donate or participate in political activities. The floating electorate choose their affiliations in the short-term, and are the most objective of the different types of voters. Their only commitment is to the party that most attracts them with its various factors whose popularity can only be defined by the individual. They will not participate in party activities- such as assistance in election campaigns, donating money, etc. as they are not members. The increase in this group would explain any change in the party membership. During recent years, the trend has been to support single-issue groups as opposed to broad groups like political parties. In this pattern, there is a divide, where younger people are interested in these single-issue protest activities whereas the older generation are more dedicated to political party activity. Whereas only 6% of 15-34 year olds describe themselves as very interested in politics, 73% see themselves as particularly interested in the homeless situation, and similar proportions have concern about disabled rights, animal rights, and increased funding for the NHS. This could suggest that in the future party enrolment will decrease even more as the previous generation of party activists die out. In conclusion, there are five main reasons for the decline of party membership: an increase in political apathy, due in some considerable way to the move to the centre ground which has disillusioned more partisan support; the distrust surrounding politics, especially showed in the media coverage of sleaze and negative campaigning; the class-dealignment experienced by Britain as a result of de-industrialisation, which has left more people moving to a rational choice model of voting; this having resulted in an increase in floating voters who do not tie themselves down to one political party; and the younger generations tendency to be more interested in single-issue politics than the wide spectrum of issues in politics today. If the following continue as expected, party membership will decrease even further. To stop this movement, parties and the political system will need to change to allow the electorate a bigger role in political decision-making. It should be noted that these conclusions could also be used in the explanation of the decline in the faith of the electorate in the present political system.

Final paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Final - Term Paper Example Analyzing some of the recent incidents it is quite evident that the terrorist attacks are increasing day by day and there occurs a number of causalities and death. The recent reports appeared in the media relating to terrorism is quite alarming. The suicide bombings which tolled the lives of about 70 people and more than 100 causalities in Yemen in two separate incidents on 9th October, the death of two dozen people in a suicide bomb attack in Baghdad, Iraq on 1st November, the murder of six guards riddled with bullets in Philippines on November 2nd this year, are some of the recent terrorist attacks. Analyzing the recent terrors in the world, it is quite visible that it is none other than the Islamic States who executed thousands of men in the Middle-East countries. They conduct massive attacks with latest weapons and have already conquered a major portion of this region. According to the media reports that appeared on 30th October, the Islamic State executed one-hundred and fifty Iraqi villagers, and threw their bodies into a mass grave. This incident is one among the deadly attacks of the Islamic State which form a parallel government in th e Middle East region now. ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) or ISIL (Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant) has been identified as a Sunni, extremist, jihadist group which proclaimed themselves to be a parallel state based on Caliphate and establishes its power in Iraq and Syria in the Middle East. It is often viewed as the true adherent of al-Qaeda and implemented the draconian Sharia law, which in reality curtailed almost all the freedoms of women folk. This law strictly suggests the women to cover themselves from head to toe, denies education, and even restricting the food items that women can purchase. When the U.S. troops in Iraq exercised strict actions to regulate these terrorist groups,

Leadership & Effective Communication (MANAGEMENT) - Case Study Assignment

Leadership & Effective Communication (MANAGEMENT) - Case Study - Assignment Example Maslow’s hierarchy is a theory that is greatly used in the present work employment. The hierarchy is based on the fundamental needs of human beings. The main principle is that of tending to pay attention to the lowest needs while ignoring the highest one when faced with a problem. The hierarchy designed by Abraham Maslow in 1943 looks like a triangle with the first four basic needs or deficit needs; physiological, safety, love and esteem, needs related to self growth; cognitive, aesthetic and self-actualization (McLeod 2007). Shark’s old boss failed to meet one of the basic needs that highly motivate employees which is esteem. Shark says that most employers only value their stores and employees are just but a number that can be replaced at anytime. This de-motivates a person not to put in effort needed for the company to be successful. The other related need that Shark’s old boss did not give is job safety, a person who is only taken as a number does not view his work as being safe but fears to loose it anytime. The other need that Shark felt was not met is love. Love was not shown as they were only used without being heard and they were taken as numbers. The reason why Shark’s old boss did not meet these basic needs was; due to lack of respect to his employees and only considered his business to be important. The missing needs can be met by valuing employee and appreciating their personal input to a business. The boss should have respect and form a habit of listening to them, hence development of employer-employee rapport that will improve the esteem and make each person feel that their job is safe. Most junior employees are creative and have ideas that can take a business to the next level, they should be listened to and ideas adopted if they are for the good of the company. Equity theory of motivation states an employee relates output to input to be equal. An employee expects to be rewarded for putting in more effort to deliver. He

Platos View On The Soul Philosophy Essay

Platos View On The Soul Philosophy Essay Plato was a Greek philosopher. He had many views on life and existence. Platos views on the mind body distinction have been the target of many criticisms since his time. In the republic, he formulated ideas on the allegory of the cave and the theory of the forms. He believed that our existence on earth was merely a shadow of a higher spiritual plane, our bodies just a vessel, or even looked upon as a cage trapping the soul and restricting it from this higher plain. Plato was a dualist and so believed that when the material body dies the soul lives on. Platos views, are best described in his analogy of the cave in which it depicts a prisoner that escapes the cave metaphorical for this life- and goes on to discover everything he once believed in was only a fraction of the truth: Platos main philosophy stemmed from the cave and was about knowing the theory of the forms. Here, he thought that the soul is a substance and is immortal, however the body- being physical- could be doubted as it was part of the empirical world. On the one hand, Platos ideas about the soul were revolutionary and extremely advanced for his time, as with most of Platos philosophies, yet on the other hand they appear to be both self-conflicting and flawed. Platos idea of the soul is his dualist position, believing that body and soul are fundamentally distinct. His theory on the soul was produced in his book Phaedrus. In it Plato was most concerned with demonstrating the immortality of the soul and its ability to survive bodily death. He proposed the idea that, like Aristotles idea of motion, whatever is the source of its own motion or animation must be immortal. Plato was writing at a time in Greek philosophy where popular opinion believed that the soul did not survive death, and that it dispersed into nothing, like breath or smoke. Plato believed that the soul must be immortal by the very nature of being the source of its own animation, for it is only through a psyche that things can be living rather than dead. The souls are both animated and at the same time the source of its own animation. Plato also states that the soul is an intelligible and non-tangible article that cannot be destroyed or dispersed, much like his ideas about form s of non-tangible realities; such as beauty or courage. The argument from affinity, as Plato posited in Phaedrus, states that because the soul is an invisible and intangible entity, as opposed to a complex and tangible body; the two must be distinct and separate. Plato believed that which is composite must be divisible, sensible and transient; and that which is simple must be invisible, indivisible and immutable. Forms bear a resemblance to the simple, immutable entities, such as beauty; however a beautiful painting is transient and palpable. The body shows an affinity to the composite by nature of its mortality and mutability; just as the soul shows a similar affinity to immortality and indivisibleness. To further emphasise the point, Plato writes when the soul investigates by itself it passes into the realm of what is pure, ever existing, immortal and unchanging. He argues that just as the bodys prime function is to understand the material and transient world, the functioning of the soul as an entity of rational and self-reflective thou ght demonstrates its affiliation with a simple and immutable world; showing that the two are distinct. However Plato does not explore the criticisms of this argument that just because an entity portrays an affiliation, does not necessarily require it to be as that which it affiliates. Plato believed that the soul, if it were to be the animator of all living things, must be responsible for a person s mental or psychological activities and responses. For the soul cannot be the reason for life, yet at the same time limited in its influence over the bodies in which it animates. However this provides one of the most serious and potentially defeating criticisms of Platos views on the soul. He fails to address the issue of the interrelationship between body and soul, if they are indeed distinct. He doesnà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t mention if the soul act as controller of a lifeless body, or is there more to the body than simply the material. Moreover the argument from affiliation would suggest that the body is concerned with the material, composite world whilst the soul is concerned with the invisible and simple world. If this is the case then the soul cannot, following from Platos argument, have any interaction with the material, bodily world; for then it ceases to be simple and immutable. An argument from recollection, which Plato first put forward when discussing his theory of the world of the forms, also serves his theory of the soul. Perfect forms, such as equality, are knowable a priori; we have no need for experience to tell us whether two lines are equal length. We must, therefore, know these things through recollection of these perfect forms. Therefore, the soul must have pre-existed the body to know these facts a priori. Platos argument from opposites was based on his idea that everything in the observable world has an opposite effect. As Plato writes in his work Phaedo; If something smaller comes to be it will come from something larger before, which became smaller. In other words everything we can know has an opposite; asleep and awake; hot and cold. Similarly they are reversible, just as one goes from a state of sleep to a state of being awake, one can do the opposite. Plato argued that if this were the case, then the same should apply to life and death. Just as one can go from life to death, one must be able to go from death to life; and if this statement is correct, then the soul must survive this transition and as a consequence possess immortality and separation from the body. He believed that animation and life was integral to the very notion of the soul, just like heat is a part of fire; thus it cannot be destroyed and is eternal. A separate argument from his theory of opposites was that of a similar theory of the forms and their opposites. He stated that no entity can consist of contradictory forms, and thus one form must necessarily exist and the other not in any particular entity. The number five cannot possess both the form of even and odd; by adding or subtracting one; the form of odd is displaced by even. Plato wrote: so fire as the cold approaches will either go away or be destroyed; it will never venture to admit coldness and remain what it was, fire and cold The soul must share in the form of life, for we know that those living have a soul. Therefore, it cannot contain the form of death also, for this would be in direct conflict of life. The soul must ontologically necessarily exist, and must therefore be immortal. Contemporary analysis of Platos views on the soul produces many criticisms; there is a clear chronological confusion as his work progresses; with the soul starting as an unintelligible and non-tangible item, yet progressing to where the soul becomes a complex tripartite entity that is trapped in the material body, yet still longing to enter the world of the forms. Plato demonstrates a contradictory and muddled thought process that attempts to find resolutions for flaws in his thinking. The idea of an imperfect entity entering the perfect realm of the forms is one such logical fallacy in his argument; and he does this by seeking to find reason and justification for his conclusion, rather than seeking a conclusion based on all of his own logic.

The Arts That Shaped America: Arts of the 1920s :: essays research papers

Art by definition is the conscious production or arrangement of sounds, colors, forms, movements, or other elements in a manner that affects the sense of beauty, specifically the production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium. Whether it was shown visually or musically, the arts of the twenties were reflective of the time period. Even in books, the extravagance that people lived in was evident. The music of the twenties was on the opposite end of the spectrum from the music that had been its predecessor. With a quicker tempo, dynamics different then anything before it, dances that were of the youth and viewed as taboo, and powered by brass and rhythm instruments , jazz had become a mainstream for the youth of the twenties (Handley). In stark contrast of the Beethoven and the â€Å"usual† waltzes that people danced to, jazz was in your face and frowned down upon. According to the older generation, and quoted in the New York American, â€Å"Moral disaster is coming to hundreds of young American girls through the pathological, nerve-irritating, sex-exciting music of jazz orchestras" (Ward, Burns). In the 1920s, Jazz and Blues became very popular. Singers and musicians like Fat Waller, "Jelly Roll' Morton, Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, and Lucille Bogan could be heard world wide. Bing Crosby, Annette Hanshaw, Al Jolson, Maria Anderson and George Gershw in were also making in big in the music world. George Gershwin composed some of the most noticeable blues pieces of the nineteen twenties. Rhapsody in Blue, An American in Paris, and Piano Concerto in F, Rhapsody No. 2. Louis Armstrong, by far the king of the trumpet is the poster boy for pure jazz. With his revolutionary playing, he was able to break the trend of the typical â€Å"Dixieland† jazz music with his solos alone. During the nineteen twenties films were becoming more popular, creating five major studios and three minor studios (â€Å"Films History of The 1920s.†) The five major studios, some of which are still around today, were: Warner Brothers, Paramount Pictures (originally named Famous players), Mutual Film Corporation, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, and Fox Film Corporation. Warner Bros. Pictures, incorporated in 1923 by the brothers (Jack, Harry, Albert, and Sam); the studio's first principal asset was Rin Tin Tin. MGM, first named Metro-Goldwyn Pictures - in 1924 formed from the merger of Metro Pictures (1915), Samuel Goldwyn Picture Corporation (1917), and the Louis B. Mayer Pictures Company (1918).

Analysis of Wilfred Owen’s Poetry

Hieroglyphs of an unappreciated inspiration; the mirrors of the gigantic shadows which futurity casts upon the present; the words which express what they understand not; the trumpets which sing to battle, and feel not what they Inspire; the Influence which Is moved not, but moves. Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world. † (Percy Abysses Shelley) It seems that even though Wilfred Owen was not alive until many years after this quote that he embodied this quote about poets and their poetry.Poetry throughout the ages has been one literary device that has neither changed nor conformed to the whims of society. Poetry has been a device to recount history, express emotion and bring about change; thus poets being agents of change. Wilfred Owen, a brilliant poet was amongst those who initiated anti-war writing amidst a country being fed propaganda. Owen brought attention to the harsh realities of war, rather than perpetuating societies' ignorant delusions that war was hero ic and adventurous. Owen was resolved to edify England on the actualities of war.By writing poetry that denied England's teachings of noble warfare, Owen set an unprecedented example of exposing repressed truth to the public. Two of his most distinguished works, â€Å"Dulcet et Decorum est.† and â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† will be analyses alongside Owens Life to prove the validity of this statement. The way In which Wilfred Owen was brought up was integral to his phenomenal poetry. He was birthed in the year 1893 in England and was a devout Christian throughout his years of boyhood. On October 21st 191 5, Owen enlisted into the army and nearly a year later was commissioned as a second lieutenant.Owen had been born into England at a time where war was what men did for adventure, it was honorable, a transition room boyhood to manhood some might have called it. What Owen witnessed was anything but what was advertised by his country and felt deeply betrayed and deceive d. Owen suffered through a series of traumatic events such as falling Into a shell-hole and sustaining concussion and also blown Into the air by a trench mortar that left him Incapacitated on an embankment beside the remains of another officer. This led to Owen being diagnosed with shell shock and post- traumatic stress disorder.To overcome the PATS Owen suffered, he was encouraged by Siegfried Swanson to write about the horrors of war. Owen, haunted by his own memories dedicated his writing on the pure physical, moral and psychological horrors of war, not to commemorate the subject but to educate and warn those that were full with propaganda influenced beliefs. Owen bravely defied the socio-cultural context he was brought up in and stood in contrast to the public perception of what war was in order to stop the travail of future soldiers.Owens Christian beliefs and what he witnessed during the war lent to the brilliance of one of his poems that sought to change society view on war. â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth,† solemnly discusses the death of a young soldier and contrasts a normal funeral to the send -off that people who died fighting receive. Owen shows his Dallas for the treatment of soldiers Immediately through the title. The word Anthem suggests a celebratory song, In relation to the words Doomed Youth it is evident that Owen believes the deaths of amortized by commemoration.Owen structures his poem very similar to a sonnet with iambic pentameter; having 14 lines and mostly abides by the 10 syllable per line. In order to create effect, Owen occasionally strays from the 10 syllable line by ongoing over at some points and under at others. In combination with the unusual rhyming scheme the poem contains, the reader is set on edge and made to feel uncomfortable. Owen incorporates language that identifies the time period in which he lived, words such as â€Å"orisons,† â€Å"shires,† and â€Å"pallor† are indicative of this.A sense of instability is constructed through Owens use of alliteration and vivid aesthetics; the lines â€Å"rifles' rapid rattle† and â€Å"demented choirs of wailing shells† give the reader insight into the chaos of war. By initiating slowly, Owen has allowed the poem to lid Just like war, but begins to end the poem with a slower pace with the line â€Å"And each slow dusk, a drawing down of blinds,† this being significant to the death of the soldier and his last heartbeats. Owen constructs images of religion and contrasts them with descriptions of war and death.Juxtaposing the tolling of bells with gunshots and death, Owen has effectively placed the reader in divine warfare. The overarching message is that Owen believed that soldiers did not receive a proper and respectful burial. Owen was wholly unsatisfied with how the deaths of young oldie's were celebrated in public, rather than mourned. â€Å"Dulcet et decorum est. pro patria mort,† it is sweet and fitt ing to die for one's country, the final line of possibly the most significant of Owens works. Dulcet et Decorum est.,† allied itself with anti- war thinking and promoters, thus becoming extremely popular and influential on society. â€Å"Dulcet et Decorum est.† describes the story of an English soldier whose squadron was attacked by the enemy and the soldier watches a fellow veteran die violently. Through Owens creative genius the reader of â€Å"Dulcet et Decorum est.† is blew to witness how the soldier is endlessly haunted by the death and bombarded by nightmares. Towards the end of the poem, the soldier queries how his country can support and promote such despair and anguish.Owen portrays his belief that his country should stop endorsing war, he was of the opinion that no one should ever have to undergo the horrors he had witnessed. Owen promotes this idea through the last stanza of his poem. The narrator speaks to the reader and tells them that had they witne ssed what he had, they would not be willing to die for their country in what was called an honorable way. To place the reader into a context of war, Owen uses intense imagery such as the line, â€Å"Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues† and also incorporates the use of similes, â€Å"as under a green sea I saw him drowning. Owen has effectively created a feeling of discomfort and angst by incorporating techniques such as simile, metaphor and extremely vivid aesthetics. Owen sets the scene and describes the soldiers as being â€Å"bent double, like old beggars under sacks,† this depicts the dissatisfaction Owen had with war. The famous poet highlights one of society's main faults: the glorification of war. He does this by combining elements of poetry in a frightening manner, such as the combination of slow lines, followed by â€Å"Gas! GAS! Quick boys! By straying from the structure of the iambic pentameter occasionally, Owen puts emphasis on particular lines pertaining to the nightmares of the soldier, â€Å"In all my dreams, before me helpless sight/ He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning. † Owen adds authority to his text by Latin phrase Dulcet et decorum est. pro patria moor from an ancient text, Owen has effectively shown that society continues to perpetuate the idea that war is honorable. As a soldier and as a poet, Owen had the authority to comment on the atrocities of war.By using the literary device of poetry, Owen was able to speak that which was not to be spoken and voiced the thoughts of fallen soldier. His establishment of anti – war ideas allowed society to break free from the constrains of propaganda and come to the realization that war was not glorious, honorable nor adventurous. Regardless of the fact that world – wide change did not come about immediately, Owen was able to set precedent for other authors and organizations. He lit a fire in the depths of passionate hearts and inspired other a nti – war poets such s Mimics Radiation.

The Atanasoff-Berry Computer

John Atanasoff once said to reporters, I have always taken the position that there is enough credit for everyone in the invention and development of the electronic computer.   Professor Atanasoff and graduate student Clifford Berry certainly deserve some credit for building the worlds first ​electronic digital computer at Iowa State University between 1939 and 1942.  The Atanasoff-Berry Computer represented several innovations in computing, including a binary system of arithmetic, parallel processing, regenerative memory, and a separation of memory and computing functions. Atanasoff’s Early Years   Atanasoff was born in October 1903, a few miles west of Hamilton, New York. His father, Ivan Atanasov, was a Bulgarian immigrant whose last name was changed to Atanasoff by immigration officials at Ellis Island in 1889.   After John’s birth, his father accepted an electrical engineering position in Florida where  Atanasoff completed grade school and began  understanding the concepts of electricity—he found and corrected faulty electric wiring in a back porch light at the age of nine—but other than that event, his grade school years were uneventful. He was a good student and had a youthful interest in sports, especially baseball, but his  interest in baseball faded when his father purchased a new Dietzgen slide rule to help him at his job. The young  Atanasoff became totally fascinated with it. His father soon discovered that he didnt have an immediate need for the slide rule and it was forgotten by everyone—except young John. Atanasoff soon became interested in the study of logarithms and the mathematical principles behind the operation of the slide rule. This led to studies in trigonometric functions. With the help of his mother, he read A College Algebra by J.M. Taylor, a book that  included a beginning study on differential calculus and  a chapter on infinite series and how to calculate logarithms.   Atanasoff completed high school in two years, excelling in science and mathematics. He had decided that he wanted to be a theoretic physicist and he entered the University of Florida in 1921. The university did not offer a degree in theoretic physics so he began taking electrical engineering courses. While taking these courses, he became interested in electronics and continued on  to higher mathematics. He  graduated in 1925 with a Bachelor of Science degree in electrical engineering. He accepted a teaching fellowship from Iowa State College because of the institutions fine reputation in engineering and sciences.  Atanasoff received his masters degree in mathematics from Iowa State College in 1926. After marrying and having a child, Atanasoff moved his  family moved to Madison, Wisconsin where he had been accepted as a doctoral candidate at the University of Wisconsin. The work on his doctoral thesis, The Dielectric Constant of Helium, gave him  his first experience in serious computing. He spent hours on a Monroe calculator, one of the most advanced calculating machines of the time. During the hard weeks of calculations to complete his thesis, he acquired an interest in developing a better and faster computing machine. After receiving his Ph.D. in theoretical physics in July 1930, he returned to Iowa State College with a determination to try to create a faster, better computing machine. The First â€Å"Computing Machine† Atanasoff became a member of the Iowa State College faculty as assistant professor in mathematics and physics in 1930. He felt he was well equipped to try to figure out how to develop a way of doing the complicated math problems he had encountered during his doctoral thesis in a faster, more efficient way. He did experiments with vacuum tubes and radio and with examining the field of electronics. Then he was promoted to associate professor of both mathematics and physics and moved to the school’s Physics Building. After examining many mathematical devices available at the time, Atanasoff concluded that they fell into two classes: analog and digital. The term digital was not used until much later, so he  contrasted analog devices to what he called computing machines proper. In 1936, he engaged in his last effort to construct a small analog calculator. With Glen Murphy, then an atomic physicist at Iowa State College, he built the Laplaciometer, a small analog calculator. It was used for analyzing the geometry of surfaces.   Atanasoff regarded this machine as having the same flaws as other analog devices—accuracy was dependent upon the performance of other parts of the machine. His obsession with finding a solution to the computer problem built to a frenzy in the winter months of 1937. One night, frustrated after many discouraging events, he got in his car and started driving without a destination. Two hundred miles later, he pulled into a roadhouse. He had a drink of bourbon and continued thinking about the creation of the machine. No longer nervous and tense, he realized that ​his thoughts were coming together clearly. He began generating ideas on how to build this computer. The Atanasoff-Berry Computer After receiving a $650 grant from Iowa State College in March 1939, Atanasoff was ready to build his computer. He hired a particularly bright electrical engineering student, Clifford E. Berry, to help him accomplish his goal. With his background in electronics and mechanical construction skills, the brilliant and inventive Berry was the ideal partner for Atanasoff.  They worked at developing and improving the ABC or Atanasoff-Berry Computer, as it was later named, from 1939 until 1941.   The final product was the size of a desk, weighed 700 pounds, had over 300 vacuum tubes, and contained a mile of wire. It could calculate about one operation every  15 seconds. Today, computers can calculate 150 billion operations in 15 seconds. Too large to go anywhere, the computer remained in the basement of the physics department.   World War II   World War II started in December 1941 and work on the computer came to a halt. Although Iowa State College had hired a Chicago patent lawyer, Richard R. Trexler, the patenting of the ABC was never completed. The war effort prevented John Atanasoff from finishing the patent process and from doing any further work on the computer. Atanasoff left Iowa State on leave for a defense-related position at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory in Washington, D.C. Clifford Berry accepted a defense-related job in California. On one of his return visits to Iowa State in 1948, Atanasoff was surprised and disappointed to learn that the ABC had been removed from the Physics Building and dismantled. Neither he nor Clifford Berry had been notified that the computer was going to be destroyed. Only a few parts of the computer were saved. The ENIAC Computer   Presper Eckert and John Mauchly were the first to receive a  patent for a digital computing device, the ENIAC computer. A 1973 patent infringement case, ​Sperry Rand vs. Honeywell, voided the ENIAC patent as a derivative of Atanasoffs invention. This was the source for Atanasoff’s comment that there is enough credit for everyone in the field. Although Eckert and Mauchly received most of the credit for inventing the first electronic-digital computer, historians now say that the Atanasoff-Berry Computer was the first. It was at an evening of scotch and 100 mph car rides, John Atanasoff also told reporters, when the concept came ​for an electronically operated machine that would use base-two binary numbers instead of the traditional base-10 numbers, condensers for memory, and a regenerative process to preclude loss of memory from electrical failure. Atanasoff wrote most of the concepts of the first modern computer on the back of a cocktail napkin. He was very fond of fast cars and scotch. He died of a stroke in June 1995 at his home in Maryland.